5.순수 JDBC 접근기술

5.순수 JDBC 접근기술

목차

• 1.순수 JDBC
• 2.스프링 통합테스트
• 3.스프링 JdbcTemplate
• 4.JPA
• 5.스프링 데이터 JPA

1.순수 JDBC

build.gradle 파일에 jdbc, h2 데이터베이스 관련 라이브러리 추가

implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc'
runtimeOnly 'com.h2database:h2'

resources/application.properties

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa

• url : jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test
• driver : org.h2.Driver
• username : sa

---

JdbcMemberRepository

public class JdbcMemberRepository implements MemberRepository {

    private final DataSource dataSource;

    public JdbcMemberRepository(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }
    @Override
    public Member save(Member member) {
        String sql = "insert into member(name) values(?)";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql,
                    Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
            pstmt.setString(1, member.getName());
            pstmt.executeUpdate();
            rs = pstmt.getGeneratedKeys();
            if (rs.next()) {
                member.setId(rs.getLong(1));
            } else {
                throw new SQLException("id 조회 실패");
            }
            return member;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findById(Long id) {
        String sql = "select * from member where id = ?";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setLong(1, id);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            if(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return Optional.of(member);
            } else {
                return Optional.empty();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public List<Member> findAll() {
        String sql = "select * from member";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            List<Member> members = new ArrayList<>();
            while(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                members.add(member);
            }
            return members;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findByName(String name) {
        String sql = "select * from member where name = ?";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setString(1, name);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            if(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return Optional.of(member);
            }
            return Optional.empty();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }
    private Connection getConnection() {
        return DataSourceUtils.getConnection(dataSource);
    }
    private void close(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt, ResultSet rs)
    {
        try {
            if (rs != null) {
                rs.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            if (pstmt != null) {
                pstmt.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                close(conn);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    private void close(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(conn, dataSource);
    }
}

1. SQL문 String sql = "insert into member(name) values(?)";
2. DB연결 Connection conn = null;
3. DB에 SQL문 실행 PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
4. DB값이 있을 경우 반환 ResultSet rs = null;
5. DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(conn, dataSource); 을 이용해서 메모리를 초기화 해준다

---

SpringConfig

@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {

    private DataSource dataSource;

    @Autowired
    public SpringConfig(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public MemberService memberService(){
        return new MemberService(memberRepository());
    }

    @Bean
    public MemberRepository memberRepository(){
        //return new MemoryMemberRepository();
        return new JdbcMemberRepository(dataSource);
    }

}

• 스프링이 제공하는 Datasource 를 생성자 주입해준다
• MemberRepository에서 JdbcMemberRepository로 바꾸어준다 (자바코드로 직접 스프링빈 등록에 장점)
• 개방 폐쇠 원칙을 지킴 (확장에는 열려있고 수정,변경에는 닫혀있다)
• 회원을 등록하고 DB에 데이터가 남아 있다
• 스프링 DI를 이용하여 기존코드는 손대지않고 설정만으로 구현클래스를 변경

참고자료

• https://www.inflearn.com/course/%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%84%EB%A7%81-%EC%9E%85%EB%AC%B8-%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%84%EB%A7%81%EB%B6%80%ED%8A%B8/dashboard